Science - Eva Varga - Page 6


April 10, 2015

Do you find that you don’t get around to those interesting hands-on projects you envision? Have you found yourself wanting to develop friendships with other homeschoolers and just don’t know where to begin? Consider starting a homeschool co-op. It can be an enriching, rewarding experience in the home education journey.

How to Start a Homeschool Co-op @EvaVarga.netWhat is a Homeschool Co-op?

A homeschool co-op is a cooperative learning experience with a small number of families. Parents work together to enrich their children’s education as they share their gifts, talents, and expertise.

A co-op, by definition, is not a “drop off” class situation. It implies parental involvement. Doing a small co-op allows us as homeschool parents to participate in a group learning experience and remain intricately involved in the learning/teaching process with our children.

A small co-op can be an exciting and motivating way to study a particular topic while opening the door to building lifelong friendships.

 By being a part of a co-op, everyone can share the load and work on the lessons and experiments together. The burden doesn’t fall on one person.

How to Start a Homeschool Co-op @EvaVarga.netHow Do I Get Started?

Step 1 – Find Your Tribe

It is important to find people who are like-minded in their educational philosophy, parenting style, and worldview. Choose families with children that are similar in age and interests.

Consider the group dynamics. Ask yourself if you are happy with the role your children will have in relation to the other children. Think about if your child will be the only boy or girl, the youngest or oldest, etc. Are you happy for your child to spend time with the other children there? Is it going to help your child grow and mature? Can your children help the other children grow and mature?

Step 2 – Select Classes & Find a Venue

Talk it over with one another. What skills sets do you, as parents, have that you could share with others? Perhaps you enjoy reading literature and engaging in book talks? Perhaps you have a talent in wood-working or knitting?

Often, the classes you want to provide will help determine the venue. If a parent wants to provide lessons in archery, you need a backyard or open area that is distant enough from structures and other people for safety reasons.  Consider partnering with just one or two other families and meeting at your home.

Teaching the subject of science can be daunting for homeschooling parents. This is why studying science within a small co-op can be an excellent choice for many families.

I love to teach science and a lot of experience doing just that. I thereby teach our science co-op (STEM Club). Until recently, I also taught our Literature Circle (which incorporates Writer’s Workshop and Book Club). I can’t do it all, however, and neither should you!

I’ve thereby asked the other parents to take over the responsibilities for Literature Circle. Having another parent (or two or three) willing to partner with you can make all the difference.

How to Start a Homeschool Co-op @EvaVarga.netHomeschool Co-op Ideas

  • Hands-on Science
  • Writer’s Workshop
  • Book Club
  • Nature Study
  • Field Trips
  • Guest Speakers
  • Art Classes
  • Lego Club or FIRST Lego League
  • Foreign Language
  • Handcrafts such as wood-working or knitting
  • Sports like archery, sailing, or fly fishing

Step 3 – How Will Supplies / Materials be Purchased?

Additional things you will want to consider is the cost of materials.  What learning materials will everyone have to purchase? Who will pay for any consumable items needed for experiments?

Teaching hands-on science requires a lot of prep work in advance. Depending upon the topic, it can also require a lot of materials for lab activities. For STEM Club, I charge $40 for each 6-week cycle. This covers the cost of any consumables and helps offset the cost of more expensive items like chemistry glassware and microscopes.

For Literature Circle and Roots & Shoots, there is no cost (unless families choose to purchase the book selected for Book Club).

Step 4 – How Often Will You Meet?

Most co-ops that I participate in (STEM Club, Writer’s Workshop, etc.) meet once a week. Some, like Book Club or Nature Study meet just once a month. This is something you will want to discuss with the other parent coordinators.

You will find that some classes work best on a weekly basis. Feel free to play around with different options to find what works best for your families.

How to Start a Homeschool Co-op @EvaVarga.netStep 5 – What Will Be Covered?

The last thing to consider as a group is what types of things will be covered together in co-op and what will students (families) need to do on their own?

In STEM Club, we do most of the book learning independently at home. We do the hands-on activities and experiments together in class.

I assign homework and activities for the families that complement what I cover in class. Often, the homework is selected to provide some background knowledge or information to help prepare for the lab.

In Roots & Shoots, I lead a monthly outing or nature walk. At the end of each walk, I lead the group in a nature journaling activity (weather permitting). Sometimes I allow the kids to select something of interest. Other times, I assign a specific sketch depending upon the objective for the outing.  Often we are unable to complete these during our gathering so the families are encouraged to finish these at home.

Advice from Seasoned Co-op Leaders

  • Communicate, communicate, communicate.
  • Have clear expectations for parents and children. Have clearly defined objectives.
  • Relax and have fun.
  • Go with the flow.
  • Show up on time and come prepared.
  • Enjoy learning with your kids and other families.
  • Be humble and flexible.
  • Learn to forgive quickly.
  • Voice your expectations and concerns. Listen to what others have to say.
  • Let the families share their gifts, talents, abilities, and strengths with the group.

 How About You?

Do you participate in a homeschool co-op? What types of classes have you taken through co-op? What tips or advice do you have for families just getting started with forming a homeschool co-op?  Share your thoughts and comments below.

 

 



April 4, 2015

It’s National Poetry Month!!

Inaugurated by the Academy of American Poets in 1996, National Poetry Month, held every April, is the largest literary celebration in the world with schools, publishers, libraries, booksellers, and poets celebrating poetry’s vital place in our culture.

Poetry is the perfect vehicle for capitalizing on moments whereby science overlaps with language arts. Poets, like naturalists, find their subject matter and inspiration in the natural world. Poetry is a means to study nature, as is science.

Science and poetry use language in a fundamentally different manner. Though each attempts to find a language for the unknown, to represent accurately some carefully observed aspect of the world. While the two disciplines employ language in different ways, they are kindred spirits in their creative process.

It is thereby the perfect time to share with you a few resources the blend poetry into your science units throughout the year.

Blending Science and Poetry @EvaVarga.netScience & Poetry Activities

There are many ways to integrate poetry into your science curriculum. Most simply, science themed poetry can be added into activities that are already a part of your schedule. Set aside time to read poems that tie into the curriculum, for example, to accompany a study of insects or the night sky.

Create a Found Poem ~ Use a descriptive paragraph from an non-fiction text, news article, or an encyclopedia. Ask students to underline or highlight words that they think are important. List these underlined words on a separate piece of paper and a poem will begin to emerge. Can you make it more poetic by rearranging them? Are there some words that aren’t necessary?

Copy the Masters ~ Find inspiration from master poets and use one of their poems as a framework for your own as my son did in his poem, I’ve Known Rivers.

Celebrate the Spoken Word ~ Poems can be read and reread in very little time. Try reading one together or memorizing a favorite to perform as spoken word. Invite students to read aloud poems written for two voices like Joyful Noise.

Try Blackout Poetry ~ Photocopy a page from an old textbook or use a newspaper article about a current event to create blackout poetry.

Nature Journaling ~ Copy poems – either those written by you or by others – into your nature journals to complement your sketches.

Poetry Tea Time ~ Set aside time each day for a break from the fast-paced demands of homeschooling, parenting, and household running. Slowing down to sip tea (or hot chocolate or cider or coffee or lemonade or juice) creates the perfect space to contemplate rhymes and riddles, limericks and sonnets.

Blending Science and Poetry @EvaVarga.netScience & Poetry Selected Works

There a many wonderful books of poetry that incorporate ones love of nature and the outdoors. I’ve selected a few of my favorites to share with you.

Joyful Noise: Poems for Two Voices by Paul Fleishman is written to be read aloud by two voices ~ sometimes alternating, sometimes simultaneous. This collection of charming poems celebrates the insect world, from the short life of the mayfly to the love song of the book louse. I found an audio version to which we listened first – and then we had a blast reading them together.

Another book by the same author is I Am Phoenix: Poems for Two Voices celebrates the sound, the sense, the essence of birds.

Gecko on the Wall

Her jaws dart out
To crunch up flies.

Her tongue flicks up
To wipe her eyes.

She climbs up walls
With eerie cries.

Her tail comes off:
A wriggling prize!

She sprints and leaps
and slinks and spies . . .

Sigh.
Don’t you wish you were a gecko?

The Haiku pomes in The Year Comes Round are accompanied by beautiful images illustrating the time of the year presented in the poem. At the end of the book the reader is given an explanation of Haiku form, the cycle of life, and each of the seasons through which this delightful little book has just taken the reader.

In A Strange Place to Call Home, fourteen poems by Marilyn Singer celebrate the unusual animals that have adapted to equally unusual habitats where competition is light and safety from predators is great. A variety of poem styles are utilized, including free verse, rhyming, haiku, triolet, villanelle, and terza rima.

You’ll love Joyce Sidman’s collection of nocturnal musings of plants and animals who inhabit the night world in Dark Emperor & Other Poems of the Night. Each poem describes the habits and behaviors of a special nocturnal plant or animal in imaginative poetry.

Another book by the same author is Butterfly Eyes and Other Secrets of the Meadow takes us on a tour through an open meadow, beginning with the rising sun and ending with twilight, encouraging us to watch for a nest of rabbits, a foamy spittlebug, a leaping grasshopper, bright milkweed, a quick fox, and a cruising hawk.

The Tree that Time Built organizes poems from various poets into an exploration of the trees and branches of Darwin’s tree. The main trunk is life, and the book is organized into sections covering birds to dinosaurs and everything in between. Classic works by Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson, Christina Rossetti, and the like, and selections from contemporary poets are included, as well as translated works.

“… high above
there is the Earth,
rushing oceans, racing clouds,
swaying fields and forests.
Family, friends, and strangers,
everyone you’ve ever known,
everyone you might–
the good and lonely Earth,
glowing in the sky.”



March 30, 201511

Before I was blessed with children of my own, I had the honor of working as a science specialist at two public schools in Oregon. Teaching middle school science was my dream job! We explored a variety of topics and enjoyed hands-on labs every week.

As a homeschooling mom, I understand that budgets are tight and we have to make tough decisions about what extra-curriculars and curriculum we can afford. The best things in life are indeed free so I have compiled a list of free science curriculum for middle school.

This is NOT just a list of free printables and a hodge-podge of activities – but complete curriculum units!

Free Middle School Science Resources @EvaVarga.net

Life Science Curriculum

A secular middle school science text that is available for free on Amazon is CK-12 Life Science for Middle School. As a digital text, the 1143 pages won’t weigh you down and it contains all kinds of embedded media and related educational videos.

For nature study, you’ll absolutely love the Handbook of Nature Study!  Barb has an incredible collection of tutorials and resources for using nature study in your homeschool. I’ve linked to her Getting Started post here, but be sure to browse around her site – there are enough printables and lessons to keep you busy all year long!

humananatomy

I have shared a number of great human anatomy lesson plans and activities here on my website. STEM Club: Introduction to Body Systems is the first post in the series. Read each for a complete unit study on the human body.

For great ecology lessons, your local extension agency is a fabulous resource. California Foundation for Agriculture in the Classroom and Oklahoma Ag in the Classroom are two examples.

Earth Science Curriculum

Also available from the CK-12 Foundation is CK-12 Earth Science for Middle School – a combination of various earth science disciplines encompassing geology, oceanography, climatology, meteorology, and even for the purposes of understanding the position of the Earth in the Universe, astronomy.

For those who desire a faith-based curriculum, Old Earth Ministries Online Geology Curriculum is designed to be a complete, web-based learning experience, with pictures, animations, and links for further learning. They also have an Earth History Curriculum.

Physical Science Curriculum

While I didn’t find a CK-12 Physical Science text, there are high school level physics and chemistry available on Amazon.

The American Chemical Society shares a complete chemistry unit, Middle School Chemistry. They have also developed a unit on plastics, including a Plastics Analysis Lab.

The Periodic Table of Elements – A lesson about every single element on the Periodic Table from TED-Ed.

Teach Engineering has also compiled an extensive list of physical science lessons – including complete units on Rockets and Exploring Energy.

Science Journals for Middle School

Scientists report their research in journals, which enable scientists to share information with one another.

The Natural Inquirer is a middle school science education journal published by the US Forest Service. They also have a series for upper elementary entitled, Investigator.

There are many free issues to download and read. When you click on each issue, it tells you what the theme will be and some of them have additional lesson plans to download.  Each free issue is full of pictures, ideas, and questions to stimulate the science mind.

natural inquirer thumbs

In addition to the journals, the US Forest Service also provides a wealth of other educational resources to accompany the journals including Lesson Plans and Games & Activities.

Science News for Kids is another great source for current events and news. It is an online collection of articles and resources for students and educators. Some of the recent article titles include: Something’s Cooking on Saturn’s Moon, Chickens Spread Latest Deadly Bird Flu, and Corals Dine on Microplastics.

Science Notebooks

Scientists keep notebooks. The scientist’s notebook is a detailed record of her engagement with scientific phenomena. It is a personal representation of experiences, observations, and thinking – an integral part of the process of doing scientific work.

The science notebooks of Charles Darwin, Linus Pauling, among other scientists are also available online. These primary source documents capture the words, the thoughts and the intentions of the past. It is fascinating to look at the illustrations and sketches famous scientists have made and to compare them with our own.

notebookingYou can find many notebooking resources on my Science Notebooking Pinterest board. 

As developing scientists, middle school students should be encouraged to incorporate notebooks into their science learning. Read more about using Science Notebooks in Middle School in this PDF by FOSS.

Students today enjoy creating interactive elements for their notebooks – mini books and foldables to record new vocabulary or gather data from a lab activity. There are many science notebooking printable available online to accompany a wide variety of topics.

Subscribers to my newsletter will receive the Human Anatomy Systems printables and interactive notebooking set shown here:
humananatomyprintables

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Stephanie, at Harrington Harmonies, also has a wonderful collection of notebooking printables. Subscribe to her newsletter and you’ll receive her Solar System Pages FREE!

Online Resources for Hands-on Labs & Activities

SciGirls is a television show for kids ages 8-12 that showcases bright, curious real tween girls putting science and engineering to work in their everyday lives. SciGirls Connect provides  inquiry-based STEM activities for a variety of science topics.

I am sure everyone is already familiar with Steve Spangler‘s store but did you know he also has a number of Fun Science Experiments?

Another great resource for junior high science teachers and students is The Science Spot.

Citizen Science Opportunities

One the most exciting ways of teaching science to middle school students in engaging them in real science. Citizen science projects and service learning opportunities are exploding. The internet makes it super easy to collaborate with others and share research data.

citizenscienceYou can find more on my Citizen Science Pinterest board.

Involvement in citizen science projects enables students to make connections with relevant, meaningful, and real experiences with science. Most also provide lesson plans and curriculum to help you get started. Here are a few great citizen science projects to consider:

  • The Great Sunflower Project – Take counts of the number and types of pollinators visiting plants (especially sunflowers).
  • Darwin for a Day – A web application that allows you to explore the Galapagos Islands through Google Street View and document its unique plants and animals.
  • Old Weather – Help scientists recover Arctic and worldwide weather observations made by United States ships since the mid-19th century by transcribing ships’ logs.

Real Scientists

As students develop their own science skills, it is equally important that they get a feel for what scientists are actually doing. Integrating career exploration gives students an opportunity to learn about real scientists and the variety of jobs available with a science degree.

scientistsThe US Forest Service has put together a great set of Scientist Trading Cards. Print the cards to learn more about each scientist and then create your own. The USFWS – Pacific Region has an incredible set of photos on Flickr, #ScienceWomen.

I periodically write about science career options – Entomology and Hydrogeology are two thus far you may wish to explore. More to come soon!

In my history of science series, Science Milestones, I highlight architects, engineers, inventors, and scientists whose discoveries and advancements have made a significant difference in our lives or who have advanced our understanding of the world around us. In each post, I share learning guides or unit studies featuring basic facts about the person, questions for discussion, and places to read, watch and otherwise learn more.

Bestthings

For more FREE resources on a variety of topics, be sure to visit The Best Things in Life are Free link-up at iHomeschool Network.



March 2, 20151

Learning by doing is generally considered the most effective way to learn. The Internet and a variety of emerging communication, visualization, and simulation technologies now make it possible to offer students authentic learning experiences ranging from experimentation to real-world problem solving.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology mathematician Seymour Papert once said,

“We teach numbers, then algebra, then calculus, then physics. Wrong! Start with engineering, and from that abstract out physics, and from that abstract out ideas of calculus, and eventually separate off pure mathematics. So much better to have the first-grade kid or kindergarten kid doing engineering and leave it to the older ones to do pure mathematics than to do it the other way around.”

reallifelearning

This post contains affiliate links. Please see my disclosure policy.

Everybody is motivated by challenge and solving problems. Project-based learning gives everybody a chance to sort of mimic what scientists do, and that’s exciting. Better still, it’s fun if it’s done well.

Geography

While classroom experience is necessary to learn the foundational skills, nothing beats real life experience gained through travel and simply being open to opportunities. In real life, we don’t spend several hours at a time listening to authorities who know more than we do and who tell us exactly what to do and how to do it. We ask questions of a person we’re learning from. We link what the person is telling us with what we already know. We bring what we already know and the experiences we’ve had that are relevant to the topic to the front of our minds.

Students can be engaged in identifying, researching and graphically representing different types of “resources” in their own neighborhoods to create a Community Resource Map. 

  • Where is the library? Where are the parks? Where are various types of businesses?
  • What services are offered at these sites?
  • How can families access them?
  • Where should the neighborhood prioritize building new resources?

Students can also create a directory or a documentary style video. Through these real life learning experiences, students learn research and communications skills, graphics, and computer skills as they create an actual map of their neighborhood.

Additionally, students can develop skills in surveying, geographical information systems (GIS), aerial photography and satellite digital image manipulation; digital mapping, and geographic positioning system (GPS) topographic data.

The process of creating a community map can also help students to identify areas of need. Roots & Shoots utilizes this model for their service learning programs.

lifelearninggeography

One of our favorite hands-on activities is to Create a Geography Picture Dictionary.  As a special travel keepsake, target the illustrations to the region you visit.

Another great hands-on activity is to build your own 3-dimensional topographical map.

When we travel, we engage the kids in using maps to aide in identifying natural landmarks. Read of our experience in discovering the Geology & Geography of the Galapagos.

nsg-banner656x181

Sciences

Like geography, the sciences are a natural first for real life, project based learning. Students can utilize scientific principles and methods to conduct research and develop solutions to medical, forensic, and environmental issues that impact our community.

In a CSI/Criminal Forensics Lab, high school students can explore issues in medical science and human anatomy/physiology through their involvement in scientific research projects, and would investigate how a healthy body functions and how it reacts to disease.

Students could investigate the inner workings of the human mind on the chemical level. Why people behave in certain ways? What factors influence behavior? How is behavior controlled, changed and modified?

Students can use investigative science techniques to solve intriguing problems involving the law. Students would use scientific evidence to paint a picture of what happened in the past. DNA, fingerprinting, physical evidence analysis, scene reconstruction, and biotechnology are some of the techniques that would be introduced.

Students could conduct field research to develop an awareness of the impact of human activities on the environment. The data collected could be used to design and produce environmentally friendly products, solve problems and investigate policies that ensure sustainability and stewardship of the Earth’s resources.

lifelearingscienceMiddle school students may enjoy a Theme Park Project whereby students are required to:

  • Decide on a theme for a new amusement park
  • Design a physical layout
  • Design four rides/attractions and create models of them
  • Determine an initial business plan
  • Create marketing materials to attract the chosen demographic

Real Life Learning is Interdisciplinary

Real life learning allows students to practice thinking across disciplines in organic, natural ways similar to what will be expected of them once they leave their formal education. Because projects reflect real-world challenges and unknowns, students work within a complex environment. They must be able to solve problems and refine their strategies.

Real life projects integrate various content areas and instructional methods and require students to plan their tasks in advance, sequence their work, check their progress. Most projects involve collaborative and group learning scenarios which reflect the demands of the modern workplace. In the end, students celebrate and demonstrate their learning with an exhibition or performance.

My kids are engaged in a long-term project to study the impact of invasive turtles in our local area. Utilizing Google maps, they have begun to create an interactive map to illustrate the locations where native turtles and non-native, invasive turtles have been found. They are also working alongside resource specialists and connecting with community leaders.

These real life learning opportunities enable students to learn how planning, literacy and math skills are foundational in all curricular areas as they put together and present community development proposals.

Real Life Learning Resources

reallifeFor more resources and Ideas for Real Life Learning, visit the iHomeschool Network.

 



February 10, 2015

In January, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) began its celebration of the International Year of Soils to highlight the importance of healthy soils for food security, ecosystem functions, and resilient farms and ranches.

yearofsoils

This post contains affiliate links. Please see my disclosure statement for more information. 

Healthy soils are the foundation of agriculture. In the face of mounting challenges such as a growing global population, climate change, and extreme weather events, soil health is critical to our future. Healthy soil is essential as global demands rise for food, fuel, and fiber. Soils also play a crucial role in food security, hunger eradication, climate change adaptation, poverty reduction, and sustainable development.

“Soil conservation is important because if we do not produce food , we do not eat.”

Over the course of the year, the Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) and other partners, will impart the importance of soil via monthly themes. Along with resource specialists and educators around the world, I will share with you the lessons and activities that I use with my own children. It is my hope that you find inspiration and resources to integrate these soil science lessons into your homeschool curriculum.

To begin, I have created this post as a means of sharing with you the print and online resources that I will be using with my students. This page will be updated periodically as we progress in our studies.

Print Resources for All Ages

Did you ever consider that with no soil there would be no life? Know Soil, Know Life  will introduce you to an amazing world—the world beneath your feet. Published by the American Society of Agronomy, it provides a solid foundation about the world of soils. It is perfect for anyone desiring to know more about soil ecology. High school or undergraduate students will find Know Soil, Know Life is an easily accessible resource, but this book is for all ages. Everyone interested in being more environmentally conscious—the urban dweller, the young naturalist, the home gardener—can learn about the diversity of soils and their importance in our environment.

“We speak a lot of the importance of sustainable food systems for healthy lives. Well, it starts with soils.” ~ José Graziano da Silva, FAO Director-General

Also published by the American Society of Agronomy, SOIL! Get the Inside Scoop, provides a strong introduction to soil science for elementary students. Excellent descriptions of soil composition, importance of soil in the environment, and types of soil. This 36-page, full-color book explores how soil is part of our life ~ the food we eat, the air we breathe, the water we drink, and even the houses in which we live. The clear photographs and clear graphics enhance the text. The voices of actual scientists discussing the importance of soil scientists speaking directly to students brings the message of soil conservation home.

“The multiple roles of soils often go unnoticed. Soils don’t have a voice, and few people speak out for them. They are our silent ally in food production.” ~ José Graziano da Silva, FAO Director-General

Another fabulous resources is Life in a Bucket of Soil (Dover Children’s Science Books) by Alvin and Virginia Silverstein. The text and illustrations combine to introduce middle school students to the world of soil. I selected this one as our unit study spine and will be using it as guide as we undertake numerous hands-on activities.

Though this is a revised edition of the original 1972 publication, it is an excellent resource for homeschool. I particularly love that the illustrations are simple enough that we can utilize them as guides for our own nature journal entries. I’ve learned over the years that kids sometimes need examples to help them with their own illustrations.

Online Resources & Lesson Plans

In February, the theme is Soils Support Urban Life. Join me as I share lesson plans and activities to explore how rain gardens, living roofs, and composting can improve soil ecology – Do Your Part with Rain Gardens & Composting.

The March theme is Soils Support Agriculture. In my post, I share ideas to integrate writing and a contest sponsored by the California Foundation for Agriculture in the Classroom.

In April, I will share lessons and activities to teach students how Soils Clean and Capture Water. In May, the theme is Soils Support Buildings & Infrastructure.

For further soil ecology resources consider some of my earlier posts:



February 2, 20153

I know how much homeschoolers enjoy free printables! But as the kids get older, it is more difficult to find printables that are both educational and suitable for their age.

My mission is to provide teachers and homeschool families with the tools and inspiration to engage their students in meaningful, hands-on science. You will thereby find all sorts of printables for middle school students here, with more added all the time.

I have organized them on my Science Freebies page by category. The list also includes detailed lesson plans and powerpoint presentations in addition to printables.

Please take the time to explore the enormous collection of resources. They are just waiting to be discovered and printed.

scienceprintablesFree Science Printables for Middle School ~ Created by Me

On my Science Freebies page, the printables and lesson plans are broken down by science discipline and include service learning, citizen science, science field trips, and multidisciplinary unit studies.

The most popular printables that I have shared include:

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My recent STEM Club unit study on human anatomy has been so popular that I am now providing it as an exclusive to all new subscribers to my newsletter.

The collection includes over 15 printable pages and handouts for a middle school unit on human anatomy or human body systems.

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